The very first robotic lawn mower was invented in 1969, called the MowBot. Of course, the technology used back in the decade of love and peace was vastly less sophisticated than what we see today. It wasn’t until the mid 90s that robot mowers began being available to the public but again, they were not all that advanced and very uncommon in the domestic garden.
Fast forward to 2012 and robotic mowers were well established in the lawn care market with a model from Bosch being incredibly popular.
But mower manufacturers know that they have to move with the time and, as such, new technologies are constantly being developed. If you’ve ever used a robot mower, you’ll know that the boundary wire can be something of a problem but the latest approaches allow robotic mowers to navigate the garden without the need for a wire.
While this tech is still relatively new and UK buyers currently need to pre order some models, it’s never too early to jump on the bandwagon. In fact, with new systems looking very promising, I don’t think there’s been a better time to switch to robotic.
Whether you’re totally new to robot mowers or simply want to upgrade, this guide is for you. I’ve put together a wealth of information on the latest technology, what to expect and things to think about when you’re making a purchase.
Robot Lawn Mowers Without a Perimeter Wire
Robot lawn mowers without perimeter wires represent a significant advancement in the realm of automated garden maintenance within the UK. These state-of-the-art machines utilise sophisticated sensors, cameras, GPS-based navigation systems, and cutting-edge LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) technology to manicure lawns without the necessity for physical boundary markers. LiDAR uses laser pulses to create detailed 3D maps of the mowing area, offering exceptional precision even in challenging conditions such as under tree cover or in low-light environments where GPS and camera systems may struggle.
This wireless approach offers a more aesthetically pleasing solution as it negates the need to install and maintain perimeter wires that can be a tripping hazard or suffer damage over time. Users can effortlessly programme the mower through a smartphone application or onboard controls to define the mowing area. The mower then intelligently maps the territory using these advanced navigation technologies and adheres to the designated path, ensuring precise and uniform grass cutting.
With enhanced obstacle detection capabilities powered by LiDAR scanning, cameras, and proximity sensors, these autonomous mowers are able to circumvent garden features, pets, and unexpected objects with greater accuracy than ever before, guaranteeing a safe and efficient lawn care experience.
What Are The Benefits of Using A Boundary Wire?
Before I dive into the ins and outs of the latest technology, I wanted to touch on what it’ll be replacing and whether it’s something you need in your garden.
Traditionally, robotic lawn mowers make use of a boundary wire which is laid around the perimeter of the lawn by the owner. The mower is programmed not to go past this wire and once it’s installed, there’s not much you have to do to it. Unless it breaks, which is one of the main reasons that getting rid of boundary wires is such a popular notion.
However, boundary wires do have their place within the robot mower world. For example, if you want to make some changes to your garden and redesign the shape of the lawn, it’s as simple as moving the wire. The wire sends signals back to the base and then to the mower so no matter where you place it, the mower will respond accordingly.
What’s more, troubleshooting tends to be much easier when you use a boundary wire. If something goes wrong then it’s pretty easy to see whether there is an issue with the wire and whether it needs to be adjusted or replaced.
As I’ve discussed, up until now, most robotic mowers have relied on a boundary wire to prevent them from mowing outside a specified area. This is a system that works relatively well but it isn’t without its flaws. For example, it’s not uncommon for the boundary wire to break during activities like lawn aeration or trimming. They can even be damaged by ground movement, animals and other things outside of your control.
So what’s the solution? Well, mower manufacturers have come up with two new and innovative ways for robotic mowers to move around and there isn’t a boundary wire in sight!
Real Time Kinematics (RTK)
Real time kinematics is a navigation system introduced to robot mowers in 2021 so it’s still an incredibly new concept. However, it’s one that’s been tried and tested and works extremely well. So well, in fact, that this form of GPS is accurate to within 2 cm.
Previously, this type of technology was used for things like agriculture and commercial work. It’s really exciting to see it being used for domestic mowers and the system will allow the robot to work out a very accurate map of your lawn.
The way it works is that, instead of using a single GPS tracker, as you’d find in any robot lawn mower for tracking, RTK mowers use a send GPS tracker located in the base. It’s this second tracker that gives the mower its accuracy and sends signals to the robot as it moves around. There is a separate aerial for this which may be located in one of several places depending on the product and this allows for a clear, uninterrupted line to the satellite, therefore improving accuracy.
Video Review of the Luba 2 AWD 5000 RTK/Camera Robotic Mower
Visual/Camera Guidance
Another new system that we’re starting to see on robotic lawn mowers from companies like Toro, LawnMaster and Segway are visual or camera guided systems.
The Vision Fence system from Segway uses a wide angle lens camera that’s been programmed using real world experiences allowing it to detect objects in the garden and navigate the lawn freely and easily.
These systems not only allow the mower to detect obstacles but also give it a new level of intelligence. The camera allows the mower to know where it is, where to go next and create a map of the lawn.
While the camera detects the difference between surface textures such as the lawn and a path, there are also sensors that tell the mower the size of objects. For example, if the mower is approaching a plant, it would be able to tell the difference in size compared to the lawn and go around it.
The WORX Landroid Vision series of robot mowers is not yet available in the UK but there are plans to launch them here soon. I spoke to WORX in late April 2023 and they informed me that they are just ironing out some minor issues with the mower, before officially releasing the Vision range here in the UK later this year.
Video Review of the LawnMaster VBRM16 Camera Guided Robotic Mower
One of the most exciting developments in robotic mower technology is the introduction of LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) navigation. LiDAR uses laser pulses to scan and map the mower’s surroundings in real time, creating a highly accurate 3D model of your garden. This enables the mower to navigate with exceptional precision, even in complex or irregularly shaped lawns. Unlike traditional boundary wire systems, LiDAR-guided mowers can identify edges, obstacles, and no-go zones without the need for physical wires, making setup much quicker and easier.
LiDAR technology offers several key advantages. Because it constantly scans the environment, a LiDAR-equipped mower can detect small obstacles such as garden furniture, toys, or uneven surfaces before making contact. This improves both safety and mowing efficiency, as the mower can plan its route intelligently rather than relying on random navigation patterns. Another major benefit is that LiDAR performs reliably in shaded or low-light conditions—such as under trees or at dusk—where camera-only systems can sometimes struggle.
I’ve personally tested the Hookie Neomow X Robotic Mower, which features advanced LiDAR navigation, and found it performed exceptionally well, particularly under trees and in areas with mixed light conditions. Its ability to maintain precise navigation and consistent mowing patterns, even where other systems may lose accuracy, was impressive. You can read my full review of the Hookie Neomow X here.
Some of the latest premium models now combine LiDAR and camera guidance, offering the best of both worlds. The LiDAR provides precise spatial awareness and obstacle detection, while the camera helps the mower visually interpret its surroundings for even greater accuracy. This hybrid system delivers highly efficient mowing performance, smoother obstacle avoidance, and more intelligent route planning.
Mammotion has also embraced this technology, recently releasing a LiDAR version of the Luba AWD Mini in Europe. This model combines LiDAR and camera guidance for enhanced precision and is expected to launch in the US and UK in early 2026. This marks another major step forward in the evolution of wire-free robotic mowing.
While LiDAR-equipped mowers generally come at a higher price point, they represent the cutting edge of robotic lawn care. For homeowners seeking maximum precision, minimal setup, and reliable performance in all lighting conditions, a LiDAR or LiDAR-plus-camera mower is an excellent investment.
Video Review of the LawnMaster VBRM16 Camera Guided Robotic Mower
RTK, Camera, and LiDAR – Which Should You Buy?
Generally speaking, RTK (Real-Time Kinematic) navigation remains one of the most efficient and reliable systems for robotic mower positioning. It uses satellite signals and a fixed reference station to achieve centimetre-level accuracy, allowing the mower to follow precise mowing paths without the need for boundary wires. However, the main limitation of RTK is that it requires a clear line of sight between the mower, base station, and satellites. If your garden has heavy tree cover, tall buildings, or other obstructions, you may experience “black spots” where the signal weakens or drops out.
It’s also worth noting that different manufacturers use their own names for RTK-based systems. For example, Husqvarna refers to theirs as EPOS (Exact Positioning Operating System), while Segway Navimow uses AGS (Active Guidance System). Although the names differ, the underlying technology works in much the same way.
To overcome the limitations of RTK in shaded or sheltered gardens, many manufacturers are now combining RTK with camera guidance. These hybrid RTK + camera systems use visual recognition to help the mower stay on course when satellite signals are weak, ensuring continuous and accurate mowing even under trees or near buildings. Models like the Mammotion Luba 2 AWD X range use this dual approach, offering both precision and reliability across a wide range of environments.
Another major innovation is the introduction of LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) navigation. LiDAR uses laser scanning to create a detailed 3D map of the mower’s surroundings in real time. This allows for extremely accurate obstacle detection and navigation without relying on GPS signals. Some of the newest models, such as the Hookie Neomow X, even combine LiDAR and camera guidance, delivering exceptional performance in low-light or heavily shaded areas where both RTK and camera-only systems can struggle.
So, which system should you choose?
- If your lawn is open and has a clear view of the sky, RTK or RTK + camera systems will provide the most accurate and efficient mowing pattern.
- If you have trees, structures, or shaded areas, LiDAR or LiDAR + camera systems are ideal, as they don’t rely on satellite signals and can operate effectively in all lighting conditions.
In short, RTK still offers the highest precision in open areas, but LiDAR and hybrid navigation systems are quickly catching up — giving homeowners more reliable options than ever before, no matter the layout or conditions of their garden.
The Best New Wire Free Robot Lawn Mowers and Their Features
The pace of innovation in robotic mower technology has really accelerated over the past year, with several manufacturers now releasing models that combine advanced navigation systems such as RTK, camera, and even LiDAR guidance.
As things stand, the range of RTK, camera, and LiDAR-guided robotic mowers is expanding rapidly, with several manufacturers now offering impressive models that go far beyond the early prototypes. The technology has matured significantly, and I’ve had the opportunity to test many of the latest releases first-hand. There’s no doubt that this is the future of robotic mowing, and it’s exciting to see how quickly these systems are evolving to deliver greater precision, reliability, and ease of use.
Mammotion has been leading the way with its new Luba 2 AWD X range, which combines GPS/RTK and camera guidance for exceptional accuracy and performance. I’ve reviewed and created a full video review of these models, and they truly raise the bar for what premium robotic mowers can achieve. Mammotion has also launched its Mini range, including the Luba AWD Mini and the Yuka Mini, both excellent options for smaller lawns that still want the benefits of advanced navigation and smart app control.
Another standout in this new generation is the Hookie Neomow X, the first LiDAR and camera-guided robotic mower I’ve tested. It performed exceptionally well, particularly under trees and in shaded areas where other systems can struggle. You can read my full review and watch the video on my website for a closer look at how it performed in real-world conditions.
It’s also worth mentioning Anthbot’s Genie, a compact and capable robotic mower that’s been working brilliantly in my neighbour’s garden. It’s a great example of how newer brands are entering the market with reliable and innovative products that compete strongly with the more established names.
I’ve got several new YouTube videos showcasing these latest models, including detailed reviews and feature breakdowns. From the Mammotion Luba 2 AWD X to the Hookie Neomow X and Anthbot Genie, these mowers demonstrate just how far the technology has come — offering homeowners smarter, more efficient, and more autonomous lawn care than ever before.
Boundary Wireless Robotic Mowers FAQs
Do all robot mowers need boundary wires?
No, new technology means that the boundary wire could soon be a thing of the past. While there are still many robot mowers that use boundary wires, manufacturers are now introducing wireless options which will be available in 2023.
Which brands make robot mowers without a boundary wire?
At the moment, the number of wireless robotic lawn mowers on the market is not large. This is still new technology and, as such, only a few manufacturers have jumped on board so far. These include Husqvarna, Stiga and Mammotion for RTK mowers as well as Segway, Toro and Lawnmaster who make mowers with camera guidance.
How does a boundary wireless robot mower work?
Robot mowers without a wire work in one of two ways. Firstly, there is the Real Time Kinematics system which relies on satellites in a similar, but more advanced way to GPS. Secondly, there are robotic mowers that are fitted with cameras that essentially act as eyes, preventing it from bumping into things or moving out of the mowing zone.
Will my robotic lawn mower cross my driveway?
No, the new boundary wireless robotic lawn mowers are intelligent enough to detect where they are within a 2 cm accuracy and determine where they need to go next. This makes it easy for them to stay within the mowing zone.
When were boundary wireless robotic mowers invented?
Boundary wireless robot mowers are still a very new concept and were only introduced to the market last year. In 2023, UK buyers can now purchase and pre-order the latest models.
Why would I want to get rid of a perimeter wire?
One of the main reasons that boundary wireless mowers look set to take the world by storm is they are much more low maintenance. When you install a boundary wire, there is a risk of it being damaged by things like ground movement, animals and other things. This means regularly adjusting or replacing the wire.
Final Thoughts
I know there’s a lot to think about when it comes to choosing a robotic lawn mower, but it really is worth taking the time to weigh up your options. If you’re still unsure, I have lots of helpful information throughout this website to make it easier for you. Why not try out my tool where you can simply enter your requirements and I’ll recommend the best matched mowers for you. Together, we’ll find a great lawn mower for you and your garden!
As a seasoned expert in the field of garden power tools, I have dedicated over a decade to working with and reviewing a wide variety of lawn mowers. My extensive experience has allowed me to gain a deep understanding of the benefits and limitations of different types of mowers and garden tools.
Over the years, I have honed my skills in writing informative articles and creating helpful videos for various blogs and publications. This has given me the ability to not only recognise what makes a good lawn mower, but also to help you choose the perfect garden tool for your specific needs and requirements.
With my wealth of knowledge and expertise, I am confident that I can provide you with valuable insights and recommendations when it comes to selecting the right lawn mower for your lawn. So, whether you're looking for a battery cordless, electric, petrol, or robotic mower, you can trust in my expertise to guide you towards the best option for your garden.
Hello, love your content! Spent hours watching but still can’t decide, I’m not even sure if what I want exists.
I have a relatively small garden (200-300 meters squared) but have a path in between two sections of lawn, this is my main issue.
I would like a wireless system but cannot quite decide.
Hi David
I have a similar size lawn and after all the mowers I have tested, I cannot fault the Luba AWD Mini and it would make a great purchase.
Full review here-
https://easylawnmowing.co.uk/mammotion-luba-mini-awd-review/
Hope this helps
Mark
HI Mark,
Thank you very much for your reply! My wife and I will look into this one
Looking for a wireless robotic mower that will cope with grassy areas but which are not lawn (growing back after grandson recreated WW1 battlefield, complete with trenches, lookout posts etc). We also still have (some!) lawn that the mower will need to cut as well. Any suggestions for an “all terrain” robot mower?
For a grassy area that’s more rugged and uneven—like your grandson’s WW1 battlefield with trenches and lookout posts—along with some regular lawn to maintain, you might want to consider a couple of options depending on the terrain complexity and size of the area.
The Luba 2 AWD or the Luba Mini AWD could be suitable choices. Both models offer all-wheel drive, which helps them handle uneven ground and rough patches better than typical robotic mowers. The Luba 2 AWD is generally better for larger or more challenging areas, while the Luba Mini AWD might be a good fit if your space is smaller or less demanding.
Another option to consider is the Lymow One Robotic Lawn Mower. While I haven’t personally tested this model, it’s designed with versatility in mind and might handle mixed terrain well.
Ultimately, your choice will depend on the size of the area you want to cover and how rough the terrain is.
Are there robotic mowers that will cross gravel/uneven areas to get to a different mowing zone?
Yes there are. The Luba for example will raise its deck when navigating between the zones.
https://easylawnmowing.co.uk/luba-awd-5000-review/
Hello Mark,
After looking at various robotic mowers your review on the Luba AWD5000 has convinced me that this is the one for me, I have tried to order one through the Mammotion website but when adding to cart button is pressed I just keep getting an error message. Do you know if there is a problem with the website or is there another way of buying?
Tim
Hi Tim, glad my video has helped you to reach a decision.
Just tested the link and it seems to work fine. Please try using the URL below if you are in the UK
https://uk.mammotion.com/products/luba-awd-5000-perimeter-wire-free-robot-lawn-mower?ref=kd2jxen4
if you are in the USA use the link below
https://us.mammotion.com/products/luba-awd-5000-perimeter-wire-free-robot-lawn-mower?ref=5oon8tj5
If you are still having issues pleasea let me know.
Thanks
Mark
Hi,
just a small additions
– Segway uses RTK as standard – but you can ADD a camera/Vision for extra object avoidance
– EcoFlow (the battery company) have launched EcoFlow Blade robotic mower with RTK and Vision – but actual user feedback is not great with issues getting support.
Hi Kaz, thank you for your comments. I have just tested today the Luba RTK robotic mower and will have the video up in the next day or two. Exciting times in the robotic mower world. Thanks
Good evening Mark, thank you very much for your video I found it very interesting. Is this company legit and am I actually buying a real product. when I go through this website? Mammotion.
Just concerned that I don’t want to part with my money as everything points towards Asia
Is there a UK distributor?
What are my options to buy this?
Any help or assistance would be much appreciated. Thank you very much davebeckett
Hi David, many thanks for positive feedback, glad my video was helpful.
In terms of the Luba, the company is legitimate, many sales have been made this month and you will receive your robotic mower.
At this point in time there is no UK distributor (May 23), so any warranty will be returned to base.
At this moment the only option is to purchase direct from Mammotion, link below –
https://uk.mammotion.com/products/luba-awd-5000-perimeter-wire-free-robot-lawn-mower?ref=kd2jxen4
Not sure if you have seen my video review of the Luba, link below –
https://youtu.be/MLFmSsTeyHk
Hope this helps, if you have any further questions let me know. Mark